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--- visual3d:documentation:pipeline:signal_commands:vector_coding [2026/05/28 13:05] – [Vector Coding Process] wikisysop
+++ visual3d:documentation:pipeline:signal_commands:vector_coding [2026/05/28 19:08] (current) – wikisysop
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== Vector Coding ======
-The **Vector Coding** command can be used to determine inter-segment coordination with the output being an angle from 0-360 degrees known as the coupling angle. This command is based on work from Needham 2015, with more information available [[https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/271132/1-s2.0-S0021929014X00047/1-s2.0-S002192901400013X/mainext.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjELf%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIGU3PD7wYfMZEuqXVHufNJTfm4e37MszhokzDPb1FjJnAiEAklim65Lc6saqHWPFqnkA7UXFIYaMMNB%2FXdnCVjfTqOoqvAUIgP%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARAFGgwwNTkwMDM1NDY4NjUiDArsSxxKypwGyUxdtiqQBfvXxwPUTy3mJoB14t1lvcAZS4gqnhHobTMZhlFQg7acqwcPLJr3FexF%2F%2BLvVbZh4kldMpGO5s9%2FUON5z%2BFIbQsWBuyIsTXPuEpliF%2BXCZITrkODCnmgwUuMtojKtpNaMVvN5zr5Y9AQ0B6tnECAYw6e7jLHE6jrqo6IXO0kXuRTQjQVtdOmZmFJBz%2B%2BeuWlLaPGwGvO9NdCGa6k%2Fy4V2WNC0JTLfTu7TQJ2d6k0M5Cu%2ByY%2FN9ppx2R2qPH56Njinq6YS3sW2w7GtbiDtxkYUeQcUNWCk7srU%2BpbgzRstBadrErgbvuLkpxzVcQE8mHOZhFhId7v5C%2FxE7CjyQ6FCO%2BkLtguTAX3RDLAc20fk%2BcKNSWzTyx3Exf%2FniBJkVxrejnSQzOzF%2Fw6NCfB%2FQyd1X9rxc7%2B0PkXHIhOxOqYCTIIK110axYpaBJ3BVCt7QFAnaomKNDsG87%2FtKL7GgtDWCpUQ0TW6XOztzQGwMqXkuQkuLSofBC1JDpu9iZ4faQnu59YsjeB%2BiarrfjpOLqOuQuIV%2B8jrdkzy5MMqPHX3qk47J7c%2FpvF6rGL6MBu8UpmyazrooGQSvgYMIlFxHi8tG7%2BiZUT6Hf5gKMmiX%2FrWp5Qll4ZRMtXXylPK5CMPdfPOBs1zn0bjzmlbRgQj3KImV1ZHy89cR5e%2FH1m3e%2BbKr02E5tZjwNIizZ2oXkeQs1u1RPmu3hocHaU%2BCekSnoLC%2BApqz7C8ISKRqjj9R2Kz94tiN8dQeFN93y%2BHTB5cXx7L58gP4aZBTv9wDb41mlLghUVlKOhGaC5EbRLOZ%2F4%2Fb3hdOjhVjdp1%2FlOP1rHcF9yLtihC34WfEwtlQIv3PRtcjUzR86PeHfRLmj8swbGrjnTMP%2Fd1tAGOrEB2%2F9DNsI049viU7nMh%2FMsykGn6q9Lu2pXw5R%2BxiUpEc8r0QkUGr0TR5FdMopbw%2BrNSw9o332O0rBxTVFXvPWNPgvuZKFWwd%2Fix%2BgieQc6xRu1K%2BDvw%2Fssd7oxCCQNPV279cUC9vuUmtX9hDzsD6uCfZ6Mr%2FgND3cbRk1%2BF15TGEEfmEXdX1cM8no4g7fBx5DiSwIvtBau124Ec0NXPLbOzOPmCmB28KwjAncPhlDWqKk0&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20260526T151817Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTYVCAU3JOB%2F20260526%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=f7d52a0dcabefe7190d22253c2b21079ab03535509b74be9301af7188d7243bd&hash=f69159876007c1739d4845239e2d776d5cea421beb24e165f69e565a8b556332&host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&pii=S002192901400013X&tid=spdf-efaf7d73-db31-4a6d-a62e-b56804dc1d36&sid=014be5349d89814ee83a12959d2c51199973gxrqa&type=client&tsoh=d3d3LXNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QtY29tLnByb3h5LnF1ZWVuc3UuY2E%3D&rh=d3d3LXNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QtY29tLnByb3h5LnF1ZWVuc3UuY2E%3D&ua=0507035353060c545559&rr=a01dc068492039ed&cc=ca|here]].
+The **Vector Coding** command can be used to determine inter-segment coordination with the output being an angle from 0-360 degrees known as the coupling angle. All of the math behind **Vector Coding** is done internally with Visual3D, but a brief summary is provided here for user knowledge. This command is based on work by Robert Needham with more detailed explanations available in the [[https://www.wiki.has-motion.com/doku.php?id=visual3d:documentation:pipeline:signal_commands:vector_coding#references|References]]
 ===== Vector Coding Process =====
 The Following section will outline the equations and steps followed while conducting the vector coding.
 === Coupling Angle Calculation ===
-The command is based on changes in consecutive segment angles for proximal and distal segments of a given joint. **Equation 1** and **Equation 2** are used to calculate the coupling angle, with the equation used determined by the difference in consecutive angles for the proximal segment. If this result is greater than zero **Equation 1** is used and if the result is less than zero **Equation 2** is used.
+The command is based on changes in consecutive angles for proximal and distal segments of a given joint. **Equation 1** and **Equation 2** are used to calculate the coupling angle, with the equation used determined by the difference in consecutive angles for the proximal segment. If this difference is greater than zero **Equation 1** and if it is less than zero **Equation 2** is used.
-{{:visual3d:documentation:pipeline:signal_commands:equation1.png?400|}}
+{{:visual3d:documentation:pipeline:signal_commands:equation1.1.png?500|}}
-{{:visual3d:documentation:pipeline:signal_commands:equation2.png?400|}}
+{{:visual3d:documentation:pipeline:signal_commands:equation2.1.png?500|}}
 === Angle Conditions ===
@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 === Angle Correction ===
-The result from **Equations 1 and 2** must be corrected to a value between 0 and 360 degrees. **Equation 4** is used to make this correction.
+The results above must be corrected to a value between 0 and 360 degrees. **Equation 4** is used to make this correction.
-{{:visual3d:documentation:pipeline:signal_commands:equation4.png?200|}}
+{{:visual3d:documentation:pipeline:signal_commands:equation4.1.png?225|}}
 ===== Pipeline Command =====
@@ Line 133: / Line 133: @@
 ;
 </code>
+=====References=====
+The **Vector Coding** process is based on articles by Robert Needham.
+Needham, R., Naemi, R., & Chockalingam, N. (2014). Quantifying lumbar–pelvis coordination during gait using a modified vector coding technique. Journal of Biomechanics, 47(5), 1020–1026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.12.032 [1]